Vertical lathes are primarily used for machining large, short, heavy workpieces' external cylindrical surfaces, end faces, conical surfaces, cylindrical holes, or conical holes. They can also be equipped with auxiliary devices for threading, spherical turning, profiling, milling, and grinding. The primary characteristic of vertical lathes is that the spindle is upright, with the worktable positioned in a horizontal plane. The workpiece is clamped on a large worktable driven by the spindle's rotational motion. Due to the workpiece being mounted on a horizontal worktable, clamping is relatively convenient. The quality of the workpiece and cutting forces are supported by the rotational guide rails between the worktable and base, reducing the load on the spindle and bearings, ensuring stable operation and maintaining machining accuracy over extended periods.

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